Structural studies of ferredoxins

Last modified: Thu Apr 15 16:50:40 BST 2004

Structures of Fe-S clusters

Some general references

[Fe₂S₂] ferredoxins

Adrenodoxin family
Plant-type

Bacterial-type ferredoxins

[Fe₃S₄] ferredoxins
[Fe₄S₄] ferredoxins
2[Fe₄S₄] ferredoxins
7Fe ferredoxins

HiPIP

Structures of Fe-S clusters

 
                                                      Cys
               Cys                                    |
               |                                      S
               S                                      :    
               :                                  S---Fe···S--Cys
               Fe···S--Cys                       /    /
             ,' `.                     Cys--S···Fe---S
       Cys--S     S--Cys                        :
                                                S
                                                |
                                                Cys

            Fe(Cys4)                         [Fe2S2](Cys4)

          * Rubredoxin                     * Adrenodoxins
          * Desulforedoxin                 * Plant-type ferredoxins


                    
            S-----Fe···S--Cys                       S-----Fe···S--Cys 
           /¦     /¦                                ¦     /¦   
 Cys--S···Fe=====S ¦                                ¦    S ¦
          | ¦    | ¦                                ¦    | ¦
   Cys--S·|·Fe---|-S                       Cys--S···Fe---|-S
          |/     |/                                /     |/
          S======Fe···S--Cys                      S======Fe···S--Cys
          
          [Fe4S4](Cys4)                       [Fe3S4](Cys3)
            
        * Bacterial ferredoxins:           * Bacterial ferredoxins:
          [4Fe-4S], 7Fe                      [3Fe-4S], 7Fe
        * HiPIP                            * Aconitase
        * Aconitase




                                   Cys
                                   |
                                   S       
                                   :        
                          Cys--S···Fe---S    O=C--Glu   
                                  /      \ ,'  |
                                 S        Fe   O
                                  \      / `. 
                          Cys--S···Fe---S    S--Cys
                                   :         
                                   S    
                                   |
                                   Cys

                              [Fe3S3](Cys5Glu)
                            
* This structure has been proposed for three-iron cluster of bacterial 
  ferredoxins but appeared incorrect. Nevertheless it is kept here as
  one of historical importance

Some general references on iron-sulphur proteins

• Beinert, H. and Kennedy, M.C. (1989) Engineering of protein bound iron-sulfur clusters. A tool for the study of protein and cluster chemistry and mechanism of iron-sulfur enzymes. Eur. J. Biochem. 186, 5-15.
• Beinert, H. and Thomson, A.J. (1983) Three-iron clusters in iron-sulfur proteins. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 222, 333-361.
• Bertini, I., Ciurli, S. and Luchinat, C. (1995) The electronic structure of FeS centers in proteins and models. A contribution to the understanding of their electron transfer properties. Structure and Bonding, vol. 83, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 1-53.
• Houseman, A.L., Oh, B.H., Kennedy, M.C., Fan, C., Werst, M.M., Beinert, H., Markley, J.L. and Hoffman, B.M. (1992) ^14,15N, ¹³C, ⁵⁷Fe, and ^1,2H Q-band ENDOR study of Fe-S proteins with clusters that have endogenous sulfur ligands. Biochemistry 31, 2073-2080.
• Langen, R., Jensen, G.M., Jacob, U., Stephens, P.J. and Warshel, A. (1992) Protein control of iron-sulfur cluster redox potentials. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 25625-25627.
• Moulis, J.-M., Davasse, V., Golinelli, M.-P., Meyer, J. and Quinkal, I. (1996) The coordination sphere of iron-sulfur clusters: lessons from site-directed mutagenesis experiments. J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. 1, 2-14.
• Nagayama, K., Ozaki, Y., Kyogoku, Y., Hase, T. and Matsubara, H. (1983) Classification of iron-sulfur cores in ferredoxins by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 94, 893-902.
• Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry (NC-IUB) (1979) Nomenclature of iron-sulfur proteins. Recommendations 1978. Eur. J. Biochem. 93, 427-430.
• Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry (NC-IUB) (1991) Nomenclature of electron-transfer proteins. Recommendations 1989. Eur. J. Biochem. 200, 599-611.
• Rouault, T.A. and Klausner, R.D. (1996) Iron-sulfur clusters as biosensors of oxidants and iron. Trends Biochem. Sci. 21, 174-177.
• Stout, C.D. (1982) Iron-sulfur protein crystallography. In Spiro, T.G., Ed. Iron-sulfur proteins, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 97-146.

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