Artificial fusion proteins and protein complexes

Last modified: Wed Apr 14 12:15:04 BST 2004

• Aliverti, A. and Zanetti, G. (1997) A three-domain iron-sulfur flavoprotein obtained through gene fusion of ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP⁺ reductase from spinach leaves. Biochemistry 36, 14771-14777.
• Alterman, M.A., Chaurasia, C.S., Lu, P., Hardwick, J.P. and Hanzlik, R.P. (1995) Fatty acid discrimination and -hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 4A1 and a cytochrome P4504A1/NADPH-P450 reductase fusion protein. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 320, 289-296.
• Bambal, R.B. and Hanzlik, R.P. (1996) Active site structure and substrate specificity of cytochrome P450 4A1: Steric control of ligand approach perpendicular to heme plane. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 219, 445-449.
• Cao, P.-r., Bulow, H., Dumas, B. and Bernhardt, R. (2000) Construction and characterization of a catalytic fusion protein system: P-450_11ß-adrenodoxin reductase-adrenodoxin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1476, 253-264.
• Chaurasia, C.S., Alterman, M.A., Lu, P. and Hanzlik, R.P. (1995) Biochemical characterization of lauric acid -hydroxylation by a CYP4A1/NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase fusion protein. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 317, 161-169.
• Chun, Y.-J., Shimada, T. and Guengerich, F.P. (1996) Construction of a human cytochrome P4501A1:rat NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase fusion protein cDNA and expression in Escherichia coli, purification, and catalytic properties of the enzyme in bacterial cells and after purification. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 330, 48-58.
• Chun, Y.-J., Jeong, T.C., Roh, J.K. and Guengerich, F.P. (1997) Characterization of a fusion protein between human cytochrome P4501A1 and rat NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase in Escherichia coli. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 230, 211-214.
• Dilworth, F.J., Black, S.M., Guo, Y.-D., Miller, W.L. and Jones, G. (1996) Construction of a P450c27 fusion enzyme: a useful tool for analysis of vitamin D₃ 25-hydroxylase activity. Biochem. J. 320, 267-271.
• Döhr, O., Paine, M.J.I., Friedberg, T., Roberts, G.C.K. and Wolf, C.R. (2001) Engineering of a functional human NADH-dependent cytochrome P450 system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 81-86.
• Estabrook, R.W., Faulkner, K.M., Shet, M.S. and Fisher, C.W. (1996) Application of electrochemistry for P450-catalyzed reactions. Methods Enzymol. 272, 44-51.
• Faro, M., Schiffler, B., Heinz, A., Nogues, I., Medina, M., Bernhardt, R. and Gómez-Moreno, C. (2003) Insights into the design of a hybrid system between Anabaena ferredoxin-NADP⁺ reductase and bovine adrenodoxin. Eur. J. Biochem. 270, 726-735.
• Faulkner, K.M., Shet, M.S., Fisher, C.W. and Estabrook, R.W. (1995) Electrocatalytically driven -hydroxylation of fatty acids using cytochrome P450 4A1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 7705-7709.
• Fisher, C.W., Shet, M.S., Caudle, D.L., Martin-Wixtrom, C.A. and Estabrook, R.W. (1992) High-level expression in Escherichia coli of enzymatically active fusion proteins containing the domains of mammalian cytochromes P450 and NADPH-P450 reductase flavoprotein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 10817-10821.
• Fisher, C.W., Shet, M.S. and Estabrook, R.W. (1996) Construction of plasmids and expression in Escherichia coli of enzymatically active fusion proteins containing the heme-domain of a P450 linked to NADPH-P450 reductase. Methods Enzymol. 272, 15-25.
• Guengerich, F.P. and Parikh, A. (1997) Expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 8, 623-628.
• Guengerich, F.P., Parikh, A., Johnson, E.F., Richardson, T.H., von Wachenfeldt, C., Cosme, J., Jung, F., Strassburg, C.P., Manns, M.P., Tukey, R.H., Pritchard, M., Fournel-Gigleux, S. and Burchell, B. (1997) Heterologous expression of human drug-metabolizing enzymes. Drug Metab. Dispos. 25, 1234-1241.
• Hanioka, N., Korzekwa, K.R. and Gonzalez, F.J. (1990) Sequence requirements for cytochromes P450IIA1 and P450IIA2 catalytic activity: Evidence for both specific and non-specific substrate binding interactions through use of chimeric cDNAs and cDNA expression. Protein Engineering 3, 571-575.
• Hara, T. and Miyata, T. (1991) Identification of a cross-linked peptide of a covalent complex between adrenodoxin reductase and adrenodoxin. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 110, 261-266.
• Harikrishna, J.A., Black, S.M., Szklarz, G.D. and Miller, W.L. (1993) Construction and function of fusion enzymes of the human cytochrome P450scc system. DNA Cell Biol. 12, 371-379.
• Harlow, G.R. and Halpert, J.R. (1996) Mutagenesis study of Asp-290 in cytochrome P450 2B11 using a fusion protein with rat NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 326, 85-92.
• Hayashi, K., Sakaki, T., Kominami, S., Inouye, K. and Yabusaki, Y. (2000) Coexpression of genetically engineered fused enzyme between yeast NADPH-P450 reductase and human cytochrome P450 3A4 and human cytochrome b₅ in yeast. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 381, 164-170.
• Helvig, C. and Capdevila, J.H. (2000) Biochemical characterization of rat P450 2C11 fused to rat or bacterial NADPH-P450 reductase domains. Biochemistry 39, 5196-5205.
• Hotze, M., Schröder, G. and Schröder, J. (1995) Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase from Catharanthus roseus and a strategy for the functional expression of plant cytochrome P450 proteins as translational fusions with P450 reductase in Escherichia coli. FEBS Lett. 374, 345-350.
• Lorence, M.C., Trant, J.M., Clark, B.J., Khyatt, B., Mason, J.I., Estabrook, R.W. and Waterman, M.R. (1990) Construction and expression of human/bovine P450 17 chimeric proteins: Evidence for distinct tertiary structures in the same P450 from two different species. Biochemistry 29, 9819-9824.
• Müller, E.C., Lapko, A., Otto, A., Müller, J.J., Ruckpaul, K. and Heinemann, U. (2001) Covalently crosslinked complexes of bovine adrenodoxin with adrenodoxin reductase and cytochrome P450scc. Mass spectrometry and Edman degradation of complexes of the steroidogenic hydroxylase system. Eur. J. Biochem. 268, 1837-1843.
• Novikova, L.A., Nazarov, P.A., Saveliev, A.S., Drutsa, V.L., Sergeev, V.N., Miller, W.L. and Luzikov, V.N. (2000) Interaction of catalytic domains in cytochrome P450scc-adrenodoxin reductase-adrenodoxin fusion protein imported into yeast mitochondria. Biochemistry (Moscow) 65, 1362-1366.
• Parikh, A. and Guengerich, F.P. (1997) Expression, purification, and characterization of a catalytically active human cytochrome P450 1A2:rat NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase fusion protein. Protein Expr. Purif. 9, 346-354.
• Parikh, A., Gillam, E.M. and Guengerich, F.P. (1997) Drug metabolism by Escherichia coli expressing human cytochromes P450. Nature Biotechnol. 15, 784-788.
• Pirola, M.C., Monti, F., Aliverti, A. and Zanetti, G. (1994) A functional heterologous electron-transfer protein complex: Desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin covalently linked to spinach ferredoxin-NADP⁺ reductase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 311, 480-486.
• Pueyo, J.J., Sancho, J., Edmondson, D.E. and Gómez-Moreno, C. (1989) Preparation and properties of a cross-linked complex between ferredoxin-NADP⁺ reductase and flavodoxin. Eur. J. Biochem. 183, 539-544.
• Quinn, G.B., Trimboli, A.J. and Barber, M.J. (1994) Construction and expression of a flavocytochrome b₅ chimera. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 13375-13381.
• Sakaki, T., Shibata, M., Yabusaki, Y., Murakami, H. and Ohkawa, H. (1990) Expression of bovine cytochrome P450c21 and its fused enzymes with yeast NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DNA Cell Biol. 9, 603-614.
• Sakaki, T., Kominami, S., Takemori, S., Ohkawa, H., Akiyoshi-Shibata, M. and Yabusaki, Y. (1994) Kinetic studies on a genetically engineered fused enzyme between rat cytochrome P4501A1 and yeast NADPH-P450 reductase. Biochemistry 33, 4933-4939.
• Sakaki, T., Kominami, S., Hayashi, K., Akiyoshi-Shibata, M. and Yabusaki, Y. (1996) Molecular engineering study on electron transfer from NADPH-P450 reductase to rat mitochondrial P450c27 in yeast microsomes. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 26209-26213.
• Shet, M.S., Fisher, C.W., Holmans, P.L. and Estabrook, R.W. (1993) Human cytochrome P450 3A4: enzymatic properties of a purified recombinant fusion protein containing NADPH-P450 reductase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 11748-11752.
• Shet, M.S., Fisher, C.W., Arlotto, M.P., Shackleton, C.H., Holmans, P.L., Martin-Wixtrom, C.A., Saeki, Y. and Estabrook, R.W. (1994) Purification and enzymatic properties of a recombinant fusion protein expressed in Escherichia coli containing the domains of bovine P450 17A and rat NADPH-P450 reductase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 311, 402-417.
• Shet, M.S., Faulkner, K.M., Holmans, P.L., Fisher, C.W. and Estabrook, R.W. (1995) The effects of cytochrome b₅, NADPH-P450 reductase, and lipid on the rate of 6ß-hydroxylation of testosterone as catalyzed by a human P450 3A4 fusion protein. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 318, 314-321.
• Shet, M.S., Fisher, C.W., Holmans, P.L. and Estabrook, R.W. (1996) The omega-hydroxylation of lauric acid: Oxidation of 12-hydroxylauric acid to dodecanedioic acid by a purified recombinant fusion protein containing P4504A1 and NADPH-P450 reductase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 330, 199-208.
• Shet, M.S., Fisher, C.W. and Estabrook, R.W. (1997) The function of recombinant cytochrome P450s in intact Escherichia coli cells: The 17-hydroxylation of progesterone and pregnenolone by P450c17. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 339, 218-255.
• Shimoji, M., Yin, H., Higgins, L. and Jones, J.P. (1998) Design of a novel P450: A functional bacterial-human cytochrome P450 chimera. Biochemistry 37, 8848-8852.
• Shiota, N., Nagasawa, A., Sakaki, T., Yabusaki, Y. and Ohkawa, H. (1994) Herbicide-resistant tobacco plants expressing the fused enzyme between rat cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and yeast NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase. Plant Physiol. 106 17-23.
• Sibbesen, O., De Voss, J.J. and Ortiz de Montellano, P.R. (1996) Putidaredoxin reductase-putidaredoxin-cytochrome P450_cam triple fusion protein: Construction of a self-sufficient Escherichia coli catalytic system. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 22462-22469.
• Sigman, J.A., Pond, A.E., Dawson, J.H. and Lu, Y. (1999) Engineering cytochrome c peroxidase into cytochrome P450: A proximal effect on heme-thiolate ligation. Biochemistry 38, 11122-11129. [Supplementary Material]
• Strittmatter, P., Hackett, C.S., Korza, G. and Ozols, J. (1990) Characterization of the covalent cross-links of the active sites of amidinated cytochrome b₅ and NADH:cytochrome b₅ reductase. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 21709-21713.
• Turko, I.V., Adamovich, T.B., Kirillova, N.M., Usanov, S.A. and Chashchin, V.L. (1988) A covalently linked complex of cytochrome P-450 with adrenodoxin. Localization of the adrenodoxin binding site of cytochrome P-450. Biokhimiia (Moscow) 53, 1810-1816.
• Venkateswarlu, K., Kelly, D.E. and Kelly, S.L. (1997) Characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CYP51 and a CYP51 fusion protein with NADPH cytochrome P-450 oxidoreductase expressed in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother 41, 776-780.
• von Wachenfeldt, C., Richardson, T.H., Cosme, J. and Johnson, E.F. (1997) Microsomal P450 2C3 is expressed as a soluble dimer in Escherichia coli following modifications of its N-terminus. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 339, 107-114.
• Wilks, A., Black, S.M., Miller, W.L. and Ortiz de Montellano, P.R. (1995) Expression and characterization of truncated human heme oxygenase (hHO-1) and a fusion protein of hHO-1 with human cytochrome P450 reductase. Biochemistry 34, 4421-4427.
• Wittekindt, N.E., Würgler, F.E. and Sengstag, C. (1995) Functional expression of fused enzymes between human cytochrome P4501A1 and human NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DNA Cell Biol. 14, 273-283.
• Yabusaki, Y. (1995) Artificial P450/reductase fusion enzymes: What can we learn from their structures? Biochimie 77, 594-603.
• Yamada, M., Ohta, Y., Sakaki, T., Yabusaki, Y., Ohkawa, H. and Kawato, S. (1999) Dynamic mobility of genetically expressed fusion protein between cytochrome P4501A1 and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in yeast microsomes. Biochemistry 38, 9465-9470.

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